Quantum Technology Platform Beyond 1,000 Atomic Qubits for Quantum Simulation, Computation, and Metrology

IQOQI Quantum Seminar

Arrays of neutral atoms in optical tweezers offer a versatile platform for quantum technologies due to their inherently non-interacting nature and identical intrinsic properties. We present the realization of a large-scale quantum technology platform beyond the 1000 qubit level. By scaling tweezer arrays using a micro-optical approach, we achieve 2D configurations comprising 3,000 sites and 1,167 rubidium single-atom qubits on average. We demonstrate the technique of supercharging the main quantum processing unit (QPU) array with atoms from a secondary array, which significantly increases the initial filling fraction. This enables the assembly of defect-free clusters containing up to 441 qubits with stabilized near-unity filling over multiple detection cycles. To mitigate atom loss, a modular scheme with an additional cold-atom reservoir and buffer sites decouples cold-atom accumulation from QPU operation, increasing data rates and enabling continuous operation. Applications in quantum sensing are demonstrated by mapping an externally applied DC gradient magnetic field with sub-micrometer resolution using a selected planar array.
For extension to 3D, we introduce a novel architecture for multilayer configurations of planar arrays using a microlens-generated Talbot tweezer lattice, which extends 2D quantum arrays to the third dimension at no additional cost, accessing 10,000 sites in the current setup. Local control of quantum states and interactions is achieved through fast laser addressing, enabling parallelized universal quantum operations including site-selective Raman and Rydberg excitation of atomic qubits. These advances facilitate the continuous operation of highly scalable quantum registers, with immediate applications in Rydberg-mediated quantum simulation, computation, sensing, and metrology. 

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